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Home » US Law » 2022 Maryland Statutes » Real Property » Title 2 - Rules of Construction

Section 2-102 – Tenant of Estate Tail May Grant in Fee Simple

    Any person seized of an estate tail, in possession, reversion, or remainder, in any land, tenement, or hereditament may grant and sell it in the form of a grant as if he were seized of an estate in fee simple and the grant is good and available, to all intents and purposes, against every person […]

Section 2-105 – Effect of General Warranty

    A covenant by the grantor in a deed “that he will warrant generally the property hereby granted” has the same effect as if the grantor had covenanted that he will warrant forever the property to the grantee against every lawful claim and demand of any person.

Section 2-106 – Effect of Special Warranty

    A covenant by a grantor in a deed “that he will warrant specially the property hereby granted” has the same effect as if the grantor had covenanted that he will warrant forever and defend the property to the grantee against any lawful claim and demand of the grantor and every person claiming or to claim […]

Section 2-107 – Effect of Covenant of Seisin

    A covenant by the grantor in a deed “that he is seized of the land hereby granted” has the same effect as if the grantor had covenanted that the grantor, at the time of the execution and delivery of the deed, is and stands lawfully seized of the land.

Section 2-108 – Effect of Covenant of Right to Grant

    A covenant by the grantor in a deed “that he has the right to grant the land” has the same effect as if the grantor had covenanted that he has good right, full power, and absolute authority to grant the land to the grantee in the deed, in the manner in which the land is […]

Section 2-109 – Effect of Covenant of Quiet Enjoyment

    A covenant by the grantor in a deed that the grantee “shall quietly enjoy the land” has the same effect as if he had covenanted that the grantee at any time thereafter might peaceably and quietly enter on, and have, hold, and enjoy the land granted by the deed, or intended to be granted, with […]

Section 2-111 – Effect of General Covenant Against Encumbrances

    A covenant by the grantor in a deed, “that the land is free and clear of all encumbrances” has the same effect as if he had covenanted that neither he nor his predecessors in his chain of title had done, executed, or knowingly suffered any act or deed whereby the land granted, or intended to […]

Section 2-112 – Effect of Covenant for Further Assurances

    A covenant by a grantor in a deed “that he will execute further assurances of the land as may be requisite” has the same effect as if the grantor had covenanted that he at any time on any reasonable request, at the expense of the grantee, will do any further act and execute any further […]

Section 2-113 – “Die Without Issue”, and Similar Phrases

    Unless a contrary intent is expressly indicated in the deed, the words “die without issue”, or “die without leaving issue”, or other words in a deed which may imply either a lack or a failure of issue of a person in his lifetime, or at the time of his death, or an indefinite failure of […]

Section 2-114 – Title to Street or Highway Where Land Binding on It Is Granted

    (a)    Except as otherwise provided, any deed, will, or other instrument that grants land binding on any street or highway, or that includes any street or highway as 1 or more of the lines thereof, shall be construed to pass to the devisee, donee, or grantee all the right, title, and interest of the devisor, donor, […]

Section 2-115 – No Implied Covenant or Warranty of Title or Possession

    There is no implied covenant or warranty by the grantor as to title or possession in any grant of land or of any interest or estate in land. However, in a lease, unless the lease provides otherwise, there is an implied covenant by the lessor that the lessee shall quietly enjoy the land.

Section 2-117 – Presumption Against Joint Tenancy

    No deed, will, or other written instrument which affects land or personal property, creates an estate in joint tenancy, unless the deed, will, or other written instrument expressly provides that the property granted is to be held in joint tenancy.

Section 2-118 – Conservation Easements; Grants to Certain Trusts

    (a)    Any restriction prohibiting or limiting the use of water or land areas, or any improvement or appurtenance thereto, for any of the purposes listed in subsection (b) of this section whether drafted in the form of an easement, covenant, restriction, or condition, creates an incorporeal property interest in the water or land areas, or the […]

Section 2-119 – Covenants Restricting Installation of Solar Collector Systems

    (a)    (1)    In this section the following words have the meanings indicated.         (2)    “Restriction on use” includes any covenant, restriction, or condition contained in:             (i)    A deed;             (ii)    A declaration;             (iii)    A contract;             (iv)    The bylaws or rules of a condominium or homeowners association;             (v)    A security instrument; or             (vi)    Any other instrument affecting:                 1.    The transfer or sale of real property; or                 2.    Any other […]

Section 2-120 – Disclosure of Material Fact or Latent Defect

    (a)    Under this title, it is not a material fact or a latent defect relating to property offered for sale or lease that:         (1)    An owner or occupant of the property is, was, or is suspected to be:             (i)    Infected with human immunodeficiency virus; or             (ii)    Diagnosed with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome; or         (2)    A homicide, suicide, accidental death, natural death, […]