§ 4546. Loss of earnings and impairment of earning ability in actions for medical, dental or podiatric malpractice. 1. In any action for medical, dental or podiatric malpractice where the plaintiff seeks to recover damages for loss of earnings or impairment of earning ability, evidence shall be admissible for consideration by the court, outside of […]
§ 4547. Compromise and offers to compromise. Evidence of (a) furnishing, or offering or promising to furnish, or (b) accepting, or offering or promising to accept, any valuable consideration in compromising or attempting to compromise a claim which is disputed as to either validity or amount of damages, shall be inadmissible as proof of liability […]
§ 4548. Privileged communications; electronic communication thereof. No communication privileged under this article shall lose its privileged character for the sole reason that it is communicated by electronic means or because persons necessary for the delivery or facilitation of such electronic communication may have access to the content of the communication.
§ 4549. Admissibility of an opposing party’s statement. A statement offered against an opposing party shall not be excluded from evidence as hearsay if made by a person whom the opposing party authorized to make a statement on the subject or by the opposing party’s agent or employee on a matter within the scope of […]
§ 4550. Admissibility of evidence related to legally protected health activity. Evidence relating to the involvement of a party engaging in one or more legally protected health activity, as defined in paragraph (b) of subdivision one of section 570.17 of the criminal procedure law, relating to providing reproductive health services to persons not physically present […]
Rule 4511. Judicial notice of law. (a) When judicial notice shall be taken without request. Every court shall take judicial notice without request of the common law, constitutions and public statutes of the United States and of every state, territory and jurisdiction of the United States and of the official compilation of codes, rules and […]
Rule 4514. Impeachment of witness by prior inconsistent statement. In addition to impeachment in the manner permitted by common law, any party may introduce proof that any witness has made a prior statement inconsistent with his testimony if the statement was made in a writing subscribed by him or was made under oath.
Rule 4515. Form of expert opinion. Unless the court orders otherwise, questions calling for the opinion of an expert witness need not be hypothetical in form, and the witness may state his opinion and reasons without first specifying the data upon which it is based. Upon cross-examination, he may be required to specify the data […]
Rule 4516. Proof of age of child. Whenever it becomes necessary to determine the age of a child, he may be produced and exhibited to enable the court or jury to determine his age by a personal inspection.
Rule 4517. Prior testimony in a civil action. (a) Impeachment of witnesses; parties; unavailable witness. In a civil action, at the trial or upon the hearing of a motion or an interlocutory proceeding, all or any part of the testimony of a witness that was taken at a prior trial in the same action or […]
Rule 4518. Business records. (a) Generally. Any writing or record, whether in the form of an entry in a book or otherwise, made as a memorandum or record of any act, transaction, occurrence or event, shall be admissible in evidence in proof of that act, transaction, occurrence or event, if the judge finds that it […]
Rule 4520. Certificate or affidavit of public officer. Where a public officer is required or authorized, by special provision of law, to make a certificate or an affidavit to a fact ascertained, or an act performed, by him in the course of his official duty, and to file or deposit it in a public office […]
Rule 4521. Lack of record. A statement signed by an officer or a deputy of an officer having legal custody of specified official records of the United States or of any state, territory or jurisdiction of the United States, or of any court thereof, or kept in any public office thereof, that he has made […]
Rule 4522. Ancient filed maps, surveys and records affecting real property. All maps, surveys and official records affecting real property, which have been on file in the state in the office of the register of any county, any county clerk, any court of record or any department of the city of New York for more […]
Rule 4523. Search by title insurance or abstract company. A search affecting real property, when made and certified to by a title insurance, abstract or searching company, organized under the laws of this state, may be used in place of, and with the same legal effect as, an official search.
Rule 4524. Conveyance of real property without the state. A record of a conveyance of real property situated within another state, territory or jurisdiction of the United States, recorded therein pursuant to its laws, is prima facie evidence of conveyance and of due execution.
Rule 4525. Copies of statements under article nine of the uniform commercial code. A copy of a statement which is noted or certified by a filing officer pursuant to section 9–523 of the uniform commercial code and which states that the copy is a true copy is prima facie evidence of the facts stated in […]
Rule 4526. Marriage certificate. An original certificate of a marriage made by the person by whom it was solemnized within the state, or the original entry thereof made pursuant to law in the office of the clerk of a city or a town within the state, is prima facie evidence of the marriage.
Rule 4528. Weather conditions. Any record of the observations of the weather, taken under the direction of the United States weather bureau, is prima facie evidence of the facts stated.
Rule 4529. Inspection certificate issued by United States department of agriculture. An inspection certificate issued by the authorized agents of the United States department of agriculture on file with the United States secretary of agriculture is prima facie evidence of the facts stated.
