§ 235. Jurisdiction. * 1. Notwithstanding any inconsistent provision of any general, special or local law or administrative code to the contrary, in any city which heretofore or hereafter is authorized to establish an administrative tribunal: (a) to hear and determine complaints of traffic infractions constituting parking, standing or stopping violations, or (b) to adjudicate […]
§ 236. Creation, personnel. * 1. Creation. In any city as hereinbefore or hereafter authorized such tribunal when created shall be known as the parking violations bureau and shall have jurisdiction of traffic infractions which constitute a parking violation and, where authorized: (a) to adjudicate the liability of owners for violations of subdivision (d) of […]
§ 237. Functions, powers and duties. The parking violations bureau shall have the following functions, powers and duties: 1. To accept pleas to, and to hear and determine, charges of parking violations and, except in a city with a population of one million or more, abandoned vehicle violations; 2. To provide for penalties other than […]
§ 238. Notice of violation. 1. The notice of violation shall contain information advising the person charged of the manner and the time in which he may plead either guilty or not guilty to the violation alleged in the notice. Such notice of violation shall also contain a warning to advise the person charged that […]
§ 239. Ownership and operation of vehicles; liability. 1. Definitions. Whenever used in this article, the following terms shall have the following meanings: a. “Owner” means any person, corporation, partnership, firm, agency, association, lessor, or organization who at the time of the issuance of a notice of violation in any city in which a vehicle […]
§ 240. Hearings, notice and conduct. * 1. Notice of hearing. Whenever a person charged with a parking violation enters a plea of not guilty; or a person alleged to be liable in accordance with any provisions of law specifically authorizing the imposition of monetary liability on the owner of a vehicle for failure of […]
§ 241. Final determinations, judgments. * 1. The hearing examiner shall make a determination on the charges, either sustaining or dismissing them. Where the hearing examiner determines that the charges have been sustained he or she may examine either the prior parking violations record or the record of liabilities incurred in accordance with any provisions […]
§ 241-a. Complaint procedure for satisfied or wrongfully imposed fine or penalty. 1. (a) Every city with a population of more than one million inhabitants that has established a parking violations bureau shall establish, within such bureau, a properly staffed complaint unit of public service representatives to respond to complaints from any person who, after […]
§ 241-b. Muni-meter receipts; affirmative defense. In any prosecution or proceeding alleging a muni-meter parking violation, it shall be an affirmative defense to such violation, with the burden of proof on the person who received the summons, that he or she did in fact purchase a muni-meter ticket prior to or up to five minutes […]
§ 242. Administrative review. 1. There shall be an appeals board within the bureau which shall consist of three or more hearing examiners but in no event shall the hearing examiner from whose decision the appeal is taken be included in the panel determining said appeal. 2. An appeal from a determination of any hearing […]
§ 243. Judicial review. The order of the appeals board shall be the final determination of the bureau. Judicial review may be sought pursuant to article seventy-eight of the civil practice law and rules.
§ 244. Separability. If any provision of this article or the application of such provision to any person or circumstances shall be held unconstitutional or invalid, the constitutionality or validity of the remainder of this article and the applicability of such provision to other persons or circumstances shall not be affected thereby.
